返學考試壓力+天氣轉變 小朋友濕疹大爆發⁸ ⁹ 掌握類固醇藥膏用法⁷ 迅速消炎、止痕、退紅¹ ² ³ ⁴
小朋友有濕疹,作為爸媽同樣受困擾¹⁰!以為暑假時小朋友的濕疹好了許多,怎料開學後情況轉差⁹。即使塗上醫生處方的類固醇藥膏,效果仍然不太明顯。晚上痕癢難耐,經常痕醒,大小朋友都睡不安寧,以致翌日沒精神上課,工作、全家生活大受影響⁵ ¹⁰。究竟是類固醇藥膏已控制不了濕疹⁶?還是用錯方法⁷?立即看看皮膚專科醫生原嘉麗的分享!
壓力及天氣轉變成濕疹復發原因⁸ ⁹
皮膚表面擁有天然屏障,細胞之間互相緊扣,遺傳、免疫系統異常、皮膚屏障功能受損、環境因素等可能令連接的蛋白出現異變。屏障功能差,未能做好鎖水工作,一旦出現致敏原或刺激物,皮膚便會出現炎症,形成濕疹。原醫生指出,天氣轉變及返學壓力都會令小朋友濕疹復發⁸ ⁹ ¹¹,:「曾有學生考試期間濕疹變得嚴重;另外,天氣太潮濕、太熱或乾燥,都是令濕疹復發的原因。」
適當使用類固醇藥膏 有助迅速消炎、止痕、退紅¹ ² ³ ⁴
原醫生表示,以臨床判斷,如果小朋友的濕疹情況許可,其中一個方法是處方類固醇藥膏。「類固醇本身屬免疫系統抑壓劑⁴,皮膚免疫系統紊亂,才會出現皮膚紅腫、血管擴張,引起發炎,造成痕癢、出水等炎症反應。於患處使用類固醇藥膏,有助收縮血管,減低發炎細胞的活躍程度,達至快速消炎的作用⁴ ¹² ¹³。」
如果塗過類固醇藥膏,仍未好轉,可能跟其他原因有關。「小朋友使用類固醇藥膏,一般3至7日內會好轉²,否則要看看是否同時受細菌、病毒感染,那就不止控制發炎,更要處方其他藥物殺菌、殺病毒¹⁴。」原醫生指出,如嚴重濕疹使用外用類固醇藥膏仍然未見效的話,或需考慮使用其他系統性治療,如生物制劑⁶。
原醫生提醒,使用類固醇藥膏,須跟醫生指示,用得適當,才能發揮效果。「有家長見小朋友皮膚痕癢或泛紅塗藥膏,翌日發現不再痕癢、泛紅減退,便自行停藥。自行判斷使用藥膏時間,令病情出現反覆,最後苦了小朋友⁷。」
自行購買類固醇藥膏 切勿給小朋友長期使用⁴ ¹⁵
時有聽聞類固醇藥膏會令皮膚變薄,影響小朋友生長發育。原醫生直言,長期使用的話,以上情況有機會發生³ ⁴ ¹⁵,因此叮囑家長切勿在坊間自行購買類固醇藥膏給小朋友塗用,還是待醫生處方較安全⁴。「短期使用類固醇藥膏,副作用不多⁴ ¹⁵;即使需要持續使用,醫生也會根據小朋友的發育情況作出使用建議,並會監察小朋友的成長情況,以減低對發育的影響⁴ ¹⁶。」
HK-XCN-110016 Oct/2024
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